Legal theorists still have a difficult line to walk. Precisely, that this area of jurisprudence requires a deepening both from the point of view of theory and philosophy of law which, in turn, requires an acute understanding of how the legal system works and the reasoning that is in the study of all entities from within the system. Jurisprudence is normally accompanied by doctrine, understood as the activity of scientific study and intel...

The major judgments of the CJEU are, for the most part, judgments given following a preliminary ruling of a court of a Member State of the European Union. Each year, the Court of Justice issues approximately 400 preliminary rulings. The preliminary ruling mechanism is the instrument of cooperation between the courts of the twenty-seven EU Member States and the Court of Justice. It is based on a dialogue between the judges of EU law, who...

In a judgment of 1 October 2019, Planet49 (C-673/17), the Grand Chamber of the Court held that consent to the storage of or access to information in the form of cookies installed on a website user’s terminal equipment is not validly constituted if given by way of a pre-checked checkbox, irrespective of whether or not the information in question is personal data. Furthermore, the Court made clear that the information that the service pro...