The political parties have developed at a spectacular pace, managing in less than a century and a half since their appearance to spread throughout the entire world and to become indispensable political and legal institutions for the functioning of democratic regimes. Considered a „necessary evil”, today, political parties represent valuable tools available to the governors and, equally, a bond between them and the governed. This present article...

The Romanian Constitution uses a simple and efficient procedure for regulating the restriction of the exercise of certain rights and freedoms (common circumstances), through the provisions of a single article. The provisions of art. 53 allow the restriction of the exercise of some fundamental rights and freedoms, but only conditionally. The issue of interpretation and application of the provisions of art. 53 presents a special complexity becau...

The pervasive assertion and emergence of evolved forms of AI offer tremendous opportunities for innovation and growth, but at the same time they also generate dangers, unprecedented in nature and scope for human rights, democracy, and the rule of law. Governing the multiple challenges thus generated requires the intervention of regulation, by establishing and complying with voluntary ethical and legal norms. An instrument for regulating human...

In this article, aspects related to the abusive exercise of the „right to access the Internet” are analyzed from the perspective of committing crimes that affect the mental freedom of the person. Thus, the offense of harassment is studied in the mitigating version, regulated by art. 208 paragraph. 2 C. pen., being brought to light a series of interesting aspects regarding the need to amend the criminal legislation in order to align the legal t...

The successive reforms that determined an extensive reform of the Common Agricultural Policy, hereinafter referred to as the CAP, at the level of both Romania and the member states of the European Union (EU) were correlated with the newenvironmental requirements, and not only with regard to productivity.Thus, the rethinking of the Common Agricultural Policy reconsidered part ofthe development efforts in the sphere of the impac...

The issues on parole release have always been in the legislator attention, on the one hand, and the judicial bodies, on the other hand, in order for them to find an equilibrium between the legal institution originated in no less than three legislative documents and the legal consequences which the parole release produces. From a theoretical point of view, this institution has for a long time ago been analysed by the doctrine in criminal matte...

The criminal trial represents the activity through which the facts that constitute crimes are ascertained in a timely and concrete manner, thus making it possible to establish the criminal liability of the guilty person on a procedural path that includes the criminal investigation, the preliminary chamber, the trial and the execution of the criminal court decisions. Each procedural stage regulates a distinct phase of examining or solvin...

The Criminal Procedure Code explicitly provides only for damages in case of miscarriage of justice and in the case of illegal deprivation of liberty. The judicial error is limited to the situations in which, after the final conviction, the case was re-judged and an acquittal was pronounced. No explicit reference is made to the situations in which the criminal action was initiated ex officio and successive acquittals or other non-prosecution so...

In a world that seems to have moved completely online, the temptation to think that the physical world is abandoned and everything can be done from now on in the virtual environment is obvious. But if we look around the corner, we will still find ourselves, those existing in the physical reality. The illusion of the virtual environment is maintained until the appearance of the first real problem, which has a direct impact on the quality of our...

Being based on the subrogation mechanism, the guarantor’s regression transfers tale quale all remedies to the creditor regarding the principal debtor from the creditor to the guarantor. By subrogation to the creditor’s rights, the guarantor intends to benefit from all guarantees accompanying the receivable and ensures the guarantor’s regression against its debtor. When, subsequently to contracting suretyship, in a culpable manner...